A torus is just a bony growth, it is not cancer. A palatine torus is not a disease, or anything to worry about. The only people that have issues with these, are people who have them who also need to have a denture rest on top of them. It's an issue of the bony lumps getting irritated by the denture base resting on them. Palatine tori do not occur overnight like you indicated yours did. Bony growths take years to develop. By waiting two weeks, this doctor is expecting the canker like sores to heal up in that period. Herpes simplex, which is what canker sores are, have no known cure, but they resolve and go away on their own in about 10 days. You didn't mention if this doctor took an x-ray. I would have expected this to be one of the first things he did if you told him that a few weeks ago these large bumps in the roof of your mouth didn't exist. An x-ray would have shown a cyst or an abcess, either of which could raise a pretty sore lump on the roof of your mouth.
You didn't say if you told him the lumps were new. If you had told him that, I believe that the whole issue of a palatinus torus would not have come up. As for finding pictures of tori, that isn't very helpful since you don't know what is under the NEW lumps on your palate. If they weren't there a week ago, it isn't bone.
Lastly, there are cancers of the salivary glands that MIGHT manefest themselves in this manner, again diagnostic radiographs would give some indication of this. But apparently he didn't think this worth pursuing for whatever reasons. Something which may make you feel better is that palatal cancers are relatively rare in the US. They do happen, but in very small numbers.