I’m sorry your father is in palliative care. It must be difficult for you. My husband was given hydromorphone which is ten times more powerful than morphine when he ended up in hospital with pneumonia. However, he did not react well to that at all and had all kinds of hallucinations. Eventually when he was given palliative care at home, the doctor decided to give him a little bit of codeine (it worked out to 1/8 of a teaspoon) several times a day. It worked well for him.

At that point, I had a discussion with my therapist about what I could expect in terms of his passing and the doctor told me that most cancer patients succumb to pneumonia, which, turned out to be what happened. You did not mention if there’s any bleeding in your father, so I’ll mention this just in case. I have read on this forum that it would help to have dark color towels if there’s bleeding in the patient. It would help caregivers to deal with the visual shock of seeing a lot of blood.