Ed, I am not surprised that Sam does not have chemo as treatment since her cancer is of an early stage and as far as I know, chemo is not a standard option for our types of cancer especially when caught at an early stage. My friend who was diagnosed with stage 2 head/neck cancer at more or less the same time as me just received radiation to treat his cancer, no chemo, no surgery. He has recovered very well and has been cancer free for 3 years already. Without chemo, his side effects are relatively easier to cope with than mine. Both of us were treated in the comprehensive cancer centre of the same hospital.

Karen.